The garden and kitchen waste can be effectively converted into useful compost with the help of micro organisms present in the soil. Composting is the process by which the complex organic components present in plants and animals get decomposed into simple materials with the assistance of micro organisms. The decomposed organic components are absorbed by the soil which is a natural process happening over a period of time and it can be hastened through composting.

The process of composting is carried out by two types of microorganisms, namely, the aerobic microbes and the anaerobic microbes. Aerobic microbes require oxygen and are very active in decomposing outdoor compost pile. Therefore, only if the compost pile is well aerated, the aerobic microbes can act faster. Hence, it is essential to either turn the compost pile outside down frequently or make holes in the compost bin.

Anaerobic microbes are the ones that do not require oxygen and hence are ideal to make indoor composting. Indoor composting can be done well during winter. The organic waste, along with the soil can be filled into a large plastic bin and covered tightly for a short span of time.

In indoor composting, the anaerobic microbes work efficiently when the soil is slightly alkaline, moist and has a temperature of sixty degrees. The end product is coarse, dark brown colored humus which is very good for indoor garden. Compost gives nutrients, retains water and reduces the use of chemical fertilizers and also improves soil texture.

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